Reading The Vernier Caliper
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The main scale is read off up to the zero of the vernier scale. The vernier scale is read off at the division which coincides exactly with a main scale division.
This vernier scale reading is the number of 0.02 mm which must be added to the main scale reading.
So the number read off the vernier scale must be multiplied by 0.02.
Total reading = Opening of jaws of vernier caliper = Reading on main scale against zero mark on vernier scale + 0.02 x Mark number on vernier scale which coincides with a mark on main scale.
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Reading = 22 + (0.02 x 16) = 22.32 mm
It should be noted that vernier height gauges, vernier depth gauges used for measuring differences in height of two points and depth of holes respectively are similar to vernier caliper. The readings or scales of these other two instruments are the same as that of vernier caliper.
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